The FTP client initiates the connection to the server by sending a PASV command. We’ll call the first port P and the second port P+1. The client also opens two random, unprivileged ports on the client (typically a port greater than 1023). Primarily, the command channel is opened by the client to the Overall, organizations can allow their users (clients) to connect to FTP servers without compromising network security. The connection is from the client to the server, and the data will be return traffic to the client. In this mode, the client initiates both channels therefore, the organization has little or no alterations to make on the client firewall. In passive mode, both the command and data channels are established by the client. , in active mode, the client launches the command channel, and the server establishes the data channel. The command channel is for sending the commands and responses, and the data channel is for sending the actual data. And, it uses two channels between the client and server: the command channel and the data channel. FTP uses two ports, one for connection and one for sending data.įTP can run in two modes: active and passive. The computers transferring the files can be within the same network where the FTP server is configured, as well as outside the network (over the internet). The server hosts the files to be shared and the client provides the interface to access, download, or upload files to the file server.
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